<?xml version="1.0"?>
<div class="add">

<span class="kw">let </span><font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font> be   non  <a href="xboole_0.html#V1" title="XBOOLE_0:attr.1">empty</a>   <a href="measure5.html#V2" title="MEASURE5:attr.2">closed_interval</a>  <a href="subset_1.html#NM2" title="SUBSET_1:NM.2">Subset</a> of <a href="numbers.html#K1" title="NUMBERS:func.1">REAL</a>; <a class="txt" onmouseover="tooltip.show('hs',this)" onmouseout="tooltip.hide()" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide">  for <font color="Olive" title="b1">Z</font> being   <a href="rcomp_1.html#V3" title="RCOMP_1:attr.3">open</a>  <a href="subset_1.html#NM2" title="SUBSET_1:NM.2">Subset</a> of <a href="numbers.html#K1" title="NUMBERS:func.1">REAL</a><br/>  for <font color="Olive" title="b2">n</font> being   non  <a href="ordinal1.html#V8" title="ORDINAL1:attr.8">zero</a>  <a href="ordinal1.html#NM6" title="ORDINAL1:NM.6">Nat</a>  st <font color="Olive" title="b1">Z</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a>  <a href="limfunc1.html#K3" title="LIMFUNC1:func.3">right_open_halfline</a> <a href="numbers.html#K5" title="NUMBERS:func.5">0</a> &amp; <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <span class="p1"><a href="rcomp_1.html#K1" title="RCOMP_1:func.1">[.</a><span class="default"><font color="Olive" title="b2">n</font>,<span class="p2">(<span class="default"><font color="Olive" title="b2">n</font> <a href="nat_1.html#K1" title="NAT_1:func.1">+</a> 1</span>)</span></span><a href="rcomp_1.html#K1" title="RCOMP_1:func.1">.]</a></span> holds <br/> <a href="integra5.html#K2" title="INTEGRA5:func.2">integral</a> (<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="partfun2.html#K1" title="PARTFUN2:func.1">id</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">Z</font></span>)</span> <a href="rfunct_1.html#K6" title="RFUNCT_1:func.6">^</a></span>)</span>,<font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font>) <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR3" title="XXREAL_0:NR.3">&lt;</a> 1 <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K7" title="XCMPLX_0:func.7">/</a> <font color="Olive" title="b2">n</font></span><br/><span class="kw">let </span><font color="Maroon" title="c2">Z</font> be   <a href="rcomp_1.html#V3" title="RCOMP_1:attr.3">open</a>  <a href="subset_1.html#NM2" title="SUBSET_1:NM.2">Subset</a> of <a href="numbers.html#K1" title="NUMBERS:func.1">REAL</a>; <a class="txt" onmouseover="tooltip.show('hs',this)" onmouseout="tooltip.hide()" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide">  for <font color="Olive" title="b1">n</font> being   non  <a href="ordinal1.html#V8" title="ORDINAL1:attr.8">zero</a>  <a href="ordinal1.html#NM6" title="ORDINAL1:NM.6">Nat</a>  st <font color="Maroon" title="c2">Z</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a>  <a href="limfunc1.html#K3" title="LIMFUNC1:func.3">right_open_halfline</a> <a href="numbers.html#K5" title="NUMBERS:func.5">0</a> &amp; <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <span class="p1"><a href="rcomp_1.html#K1" title="RCOMP_1:func.1">[.</a><span class="default"><font color="Olive" title="b1">n</font>,<span class="p2">(<span class="default"><font color="Olive" title="b1">n</font> <a href="nat_1.html#K1" title="NAT_1:func.1">+</a> 1</span>)</span></span><a href="rcomp_1.html#K1" title="RCOMP_1:func.1">.]</a></span> holds <br/> <a href="integra5.html#K2" title="INTEGRA5:func.2">integral</a> (<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="partfun2.html#K1" title="PARTFUN2:func.1">id</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">Z</font></span>)</span> <a href="rfunct_1.html#K6" title="RFUNCT_1:func.6">^</a></span>)</span>,<font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font>) <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR3" title="XXREAL_0:NR.3">&lt;</a> 1 <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K7" title="XCMPLX_0:func.7">/</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">n</font></span><br/><span class="kw">let </span><font color="Maroon" title="c3">n</font> be   non  <a href="ordinal1.html#V8" title="ORDINAL1:attr.8">zero</a>  <a href="ordinal1.html#NM6" title="ORDINAL1:NM.6">Nat</a>; <a class="txt" onmouseover="tooltip.show('hs',this)" onmouseout="tooltip.hide()" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> ( <font color="Maroon" title="c2">Z</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a>  <a href="limfunc1.html#K3" title="LIMFUNC1:func.3">right_open_halfline</a> <a href="numbers.html#K5" title="NUMBERS:func.5">0</a> &amp; <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <span class="p1"><a href="rcomp_1.html#K1" title="RCOMP_1:func.1">[.</a><span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c3">n</font>,<span class="p2">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c3">n</font> <a href="nat_1.html#K1" title="NAT_1:func.1">+</a> 1</span>)</span></span><a href="rcomp_1.html#K1" title="RCOMP_1:func.1">.]</a></span> implies  <a href="integra5.html#K2" title="INTEGRA5:func.2">integral</a> (<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="partfun2.html#K1" title="PARTFUN2:func.1">id</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">Z</font></span>)</span> <a href="rfunct_1.html#K6" title="RFUNCT_1:func.6">^</a></span>)</span>,<font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font>) <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR3" title="XXREAL_0:NR.3">&lt;</a> 1 <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K7" title="XCMPLX_0:func.7">/</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">n</font> )</span><br/>





<span class="kw">assume </span><a NAME="E1:24"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E15">aa</font></span>: 
( <font color="Maroon" title="c2">Z</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a>  <a href="limfunc1.html#K3" title="LIMFUNC1:func.3">right_open_halfline</a> <a href="numbers.html#K5" title="NUMBERS:func.5">0</a> &amp; <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <span class="p1"><a href="rcomp_1.html#K1" title="RCOMP_1:func.1">[.</a><span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c3">n</font>,<span class="p2">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c3">n</font> <a href="nat_1.html#K1" title="NAT_1:func.1">+</a> 1</span>)</span></span><a href="rcomp_1.html#K1" title="RCOMP_1:func.1">.]</a></span> )
 ; <a class="txt" onmouseover="tooltip.show('hs',this)" onmouseout="tooltip.hide()" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide">  <a href="integra5.html#K2" title="INTEGRA5:func.2">integral</a> (<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="partfun2.html#K1" title="PARTFUN2:func.1">id</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">Z</font></span>)</span> <a href="rfunct_1.html#K6" title="RFUNCT_1:func.6">^</a></span>)</span>,<font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font>) <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR3" title="XXREAL_0:NR.3">&lt;</a> 1 <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K7" title="XCMPLX_0:func.7">/</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">n</font></span><br/>

<a NAME="E2:24"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E16">N1</font></span>: 
 not  <a href="numbers.html#K5" title="NUMBERS:func.5">0</a>  <a href="tarski.html#R2" title="TARSKI:pred.2">in</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">Z</font>
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E1:24"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E15">aa</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="xxreal_1.html#T4" onmouseover="rs('xxreal_1/T4')" onmouseout="rh()">XXREAL_1:4</a></span>;<br/>
<a NAME="E3:24"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E17">A1</font></span>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font> <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">Z</font>
 
<div><a class="txt" onmouseover="tooltip.show('hs2',this)" onmouseout="tooltip.hide()" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="24_1"><span class="kw">proof </span></a><div class="add">

<span class="kw">let </span><font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font> be    <a href="hidden.html#M1" title="HIDDEN:mode.1">object</a> ; <span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">:: according to </font></span><a class="ref" href="tarski.html#D3" onmouseover="rs('tarski/D3')" onmouseout="rh()">TARSKI:def 3</a> <a class="txt" onmouseover="tooltip.show('hs',this)" onmouseout="tooltip.hide()" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> (  not <font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font> or <font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">Z</font> )</span><br/>

<span class="kw">assume </span><a NAME="E1:24_1"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E18">BB</font></span>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font>
 ; <a class="txt" onmouseover="tooltip.show('hs',this)" onmouseout="tooltip.hide()" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">Z</font></span><br/>

<span class="kw">then </span><span class="kw">reconsider </span><font color="Maroon" title="c5">xx</font> = <font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font> as   <a href="xreal_0.html#NM1" title="XREAL_0:NM.1">Real</a> ;<br/>
<a NAME="E3:24_1"/>
( <font color="Maroon" title="c3">n</font> <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">xx</font> &amp; <font color="Maroon" title="c5">xx</font> <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">n</font> <a href="nat_1.html#K1" title="NAT_1:func.1">+</a> 1 )
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E1:24_1"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E18">BB</font></span></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E1:24"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E15">aa</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="xxreal_1.html#T1" onmouseover="rs('xxreal_1/T1')" onmouseout="rh()">XXREAL_1:1</a></span>;<br/>
<span class="kw">hence </span><a NAME="E4:24_1"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">Z</font>
 <span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E1:24"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E15">aa</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="xxreal_1.html#T235" onmouseover="rs('xxreal_1/T235')" onmouseout="rh()">XXREAL_1:235</a></span>; <a class="txt" onmouseover="tooltip.show('hs',this)" onmouseout="tooltip.hide()" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> verum</span><br/>


</div><span class="kw">end;</span></div>
<span class="kw">set </span><font color="Maroon" title="c4">f</font> =  <a href="partfun2.html#K1" title="PARTFUN2:func.1">id</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">Z</font>;<br/>
<span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E18">a3</font></span>:  <a href="relset_1.html#K1" title="RELSET_1:func.1">dom</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="partfun2.html#K1" title="PARTFUN2:func.1">id</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">Z</font></span>)</span> <a href="rfunct_1.html#K6" title="RFUNCT_1:func.6">^</a></span>)</span> = 
<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="relset_1.html#K1" title="RELSET_1:func.1">dom</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="partfun2.html#K1" title="PARTFUN2:func.1">id</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">Z</font></span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="subset_1.html#K7" title="SUBSET_1:func.7">\</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="partfun2.html#K1" title="PARTFUN2:func.1">id</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">Z</font></span>)</span> <a href="relset_1.html#K8" title="RELSET_1:func.8">"</a> <span class="p2"><a href="seq_4.html#K1" title="SEQ_4:func.1">{</a><span class="default"><a href="numbers.html#K5" title="NUMBERS:func.5">0</a></span><a href="seq_4.html#K1" title="SEQ_4:func.1">}</a></span></span>)</span>
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="rfunct_1.html#D2" onmouseover="rs('rfunct_1/D2')" onmouseout="rh()">RFUNCT_1:def 2</a></span>
<br/>.= 
<font color="Maroon" title="c2">Z</font> <a href="subset_1.html#K7" title="SUBSET_1:func.7">\</a> <a href="xboole_0.html#K1" title="XBOOLE_0:func.1">{}</a>
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="moebius3.html#T2" target="_self" onmouseover="rs('moebius3/T2')" onmouseout="rh()">Counter0</a>, <a class="txt" href="#E2:24"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E16">N1</font></span></a></span>
<br/>.= 
<font color="Maroon" title="c2">Z</font>

;<br/>
<a NAME="E5:24"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E19">B1</font></span>: 
 <a href="seq_4.html#K3" title="SEQ_4:func.3">lower_bound</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">n</font>
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E1:24"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E15">aa</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="xreal_1.html#T31" onmouseover="rs('xreal_1/T31')" onmouseout="rh()">XREAL_1:31</a>, <a class="ref" href="xxreal_2.html#T25" onmouseover="rs('xxreal_2/T25')" onmouseout="rh()">XXREAL_2:25</a></span>;<br/>
<a NAME="E6:24"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E20">B2</font></span>: 
 <a href="seq_4.html#K2" title="SEQ_4:func.2">upper_bound</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">n</font> <a href="nat_1.html#K1" title="NAT_1:func.1">+</a> 1
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E1:24"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E15">aa</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="xreal_1.html#T31" onmouseover="rs('xreal_1/T31')" onmouseout="rh()">XREAL_1:31</a>, <a class="ref" href="xxreal_2.html#T29" onmouseover="rs('xxreal_2/T29')" onmouseout="rh()">XXREAL_2:29</a></span>;<br/>
<a NAME="E7:24"/>
<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="partfun2.html#K1" title="PARTFUN2:func.1">id</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">Z</font></span>)</span> <a href="rfunct_1.html#K6" title="RFUNCT_1:func.6">^</a></span>)</span> <a href="relset_1.html#K5" title="RELSET_1:func.5">|</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font> is  <a href="fcont_1.html#V1" title="FCONT_1:attr.1">continuous</a> 
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="moebius3.html#T3" target="_self" onmouseover="rs('moebius3/T3')" onmouseout="rh()">ContCut</a>, <a class="txt" href="#E3:24"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E17">A1</font></span></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E2:24"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E16">N1</font></span></a></span>;<br/>
<span class="kw">then </span> <a href="integra5.html#K2" title="INTEGRA5:func.2">integral</a> (<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="partfun2.html#K1" title="PARTFUN2:func.1">id</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">Z</font></span>)</span> <a href="rfunct_1.html#K6" title="RFUNCT_1:func.6">^</a></span>)</span>,<font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font>) = 
<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="taylor_1.html#K3" title="TAYLOR_1:func.3">ln</a> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="seq_4.html#K2" title="SEQ_4:func.2">upper_bound</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K6" title="XCMPLX_0:func.6">-</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="taylor_1.html#K3" title="TAYLOR_1:func.3">ln</a> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="seq_4.html#K3" title="SEQ_4:func.3">lower_bound</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span></span>)</span>
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E3:24"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E17">A1</font></span></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E1:24"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E15">aa</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="taylor_1.html#T18" onmouseover="rs('taylor_1/T18')" onmouseout="rh()">TAYLOR_1:18</a>, <a class="txt" href="#E4:24"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E18">a3</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="integra9.html#T61" onmouseover="rs('integra9/T61')" onmouseout="rh()">INTEGRA9:61</a></span>
<br/>.= 
<a href="taylor_1.html#K3" title="TAYLOR_1:func.3">ln</a> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c3">n</font> <a href="nat_1.html#K1" title="NAT_1:func.1">+</a> 1</span>)</span> <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K7" title="XCMPLX_0:func.7">/</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">n</font></span>)</span>
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E5:24"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E19">B1</font></span></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E6:24"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E20">B2</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="diff_4.html#T4" onmouseover="rs('diff_4/T4')" onmouseout="rh()">DIFF_4:4</a></span>
;<br/>
<span class="kw">hence </span><a NAME="E9:24"/>
 <a href="integra5.html#K2" title="INTEGRA5:func.2">integral</a> (<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="partfun2.html#K1" title="PARTFUN2:func.1">id</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">Z</font></span>)</span> <a href="rfunct_1.html#K6" title="RFUNCT_1:func.6">^</a></span>)</span>,<font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font>) <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR3" title="XXREAL_0:NR.3">&lt;</a> 1 <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K7" title="XCMPLX_0:func.7">/</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">n</font>
 <span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="moebius3.html#T15" target="_self" onmouseover="rs('moebius3/T15')" onmouseout="rh()">Diesel2</a></span>; <a class="txt" onmouseover="tooltip.show('hs',this)" onmouseout="tooltip.hide()" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> verum</span><br/>


</div>
