<?xml version="1.0"?>
<div class="add">

<span class="kw">let </span><font color="Maroon" title="c1">G1</font> be   <a href="glib_000.html#NM2" title="GLIB_000:NM.2">_Graph</a>; <a class="txt" onmouseover="tooltip.show('hs',this)" onmouseout="tooltip.hide()" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide">  for <font color="Olive" title="b1">G2</font> being    <a href="glib_009.html#M4" title="GLIB_009:mode.4">removeDParallelEdges</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">G1</font><br/>  for <font color="Olive" title="b2">G3</font> being   <a href="glib_009.html#NM1" title="GLIB_009:NM.1">removeLoops</a> of <font color="Olive" title="b1">G2</font> holds  <font color="Olive" title="b2">G3</font> is    <a href="glib_009.html#M6" title="GLIB_009:mode.6">DSimpleGraph</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">G1</font></span><br/><span class="kw">let </span><font color="Maroon" title="c2">G2</font> be    <a href="glib_009.html#M4" title="GLIB_009:mode.4">removeDParallelEdges</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">G1</font>; <a class="txt" onmouseover="tooltip.show('hs',this)" onmouseout="tooltip.hide()" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide">  for <font color="Olive" title="b1">G3</font> being   <a href="glib_009.html#NM1" title="GLIB_009:NM.1">removeLoops</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c2">G2</font> holds  <font color="Olive" title="b1">G3</font> is    <a href="glib_009.html#M6" title="GLIB_009:mode.6">DSimpleGraph</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">G1</font></span><br/><span class="kw">let </span><font color="Maroon" title="c3">G3</font> be   <a href="glib_009.html#NM1" title="GLIB_009:NM.1">removeLoops</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c2">G2</font>; <a class="txt" onmouseover="tooltip.show('hs',this)" onmouseout="tooltip.hide()" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">G3</font> is    <a href="glib_009.html#M6" title="GLIB_009:mode.6">DSimpleGraph</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">G1</font></span><br/>





<span class="kw">consider </span><font color="Maroon" title="c4">E</font> being    <a href="glib_009.html#M2" title="GLIB_009:mode.2">RepDEdgeSelection</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">G1</font><span class="kw"> such that </span><br/><a NAME="E2:168"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E96">A1</font></span>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c2">G2</font> is    <a href="glib_000.html#M2" title="GLIB_000:mode.2">inducedSubgraph</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">G1</font>, <a href="glib_000.html#K6" title="GLIB_000:func.6">the_Vertices_of</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">G1</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c4">E</font>
 <span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="glib_009.html#D8" target="_self" onmouseover="rs('glib_009/D8')" onmouseout="rh()">Def8</a></span>;<br/>
<a NAME="E3:168"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E97">A2</font></span>: 
(  <a href="glib_000.html#K6" title="GLIB_000:func.6">the_Vertices_of</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">G1</font> <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a>  <a href="glib_000.html#K6" title="GLIB_000:func.6">the_Vertices_of</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">G1</font> &amp;  <a href="glib_000.html#K7" title="GLIB_000:func.7">the_Edges_of</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">G1</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">G1</font> <a href="glib_000.html#K21" title="GLIB_000:func.21">.edgesBetween</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="glib_000.html#K6" title="GLIB_000:func.6">the_Vertices_of</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">G1</font></span>)</span> )
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="glib_000.html#T34" onmouseover="rs('glib_000/T34')" onmouseout="rh()">GLIB_000:34</a></span>;<br/>
<a NAME="E4:168"/><span class="kw">then </span><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E98">A3</font></span>: 
(  <a href="glib_000.html#K24" title="GLIB_000:func.24">the_Vertices_of</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">G2</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a>  <a href="glib_000.html#K6" title="GLIB_000:func.6">the_Vertices_of</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">G1</font> &amp;  <a href="glib_000.html#K25" title="GLIB_000:func.25">the_Edges_of</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">G2</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">E</font> )
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E2:168"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E96">A1</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="glib_000.html#D37" onmouseover="rs('glib_000/D37')" onmouseout="rh()">GLIB_000:def 37</a></span>;<br/>
<a NAME="E5:168"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E99">A4</font></span>: 
(  <a href="glib_000.html#K24" title="GLIB_000:func.24">the_Vertices_of</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">G3</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a>  <a href="glib_000.html#K24" title="GLIB_000:func.24">the_Vertices_of</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">G2</font> &amp;  <a href="glib_000.html#K25" title="GLIB_000:func.25">the_Edges_of</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">G3</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="glib_000.html#K25" title="GLIB_000:func.25">the_Edges_of</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">G2</font></span>)</span> <a href="subset_1.html#K7" title="SUBSET_1:func.7">\</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c2">G2</font> <a href="glib_009.html#K1" title="GLIB_009:func.1">.loops()</a></span>)</span> )
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="glib_000.html#T53" onmouseover="rs('glib_000/T53')" onmouseout="rh()">GLIB_000:53</a></span>;<br/>
<a NAME="E6:168"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E100">A5</font></span>: 
<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="glib_000.html#K25" title="GLIB_000:func.25">the_Edges_of</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">G2</font></span>)</span> <a href="subset_1.html#K7" title="SUBSET_1:func.7">\</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">G1</font> <a href="glib_009.html#K1" title="GLIB_009:func.1">.loops()</a></span>)</span> <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="glib_000.html#K25" title="GLIB_000:func.25">the_Edges_of</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">G2</font></span>)</span> <a href="subset_1.html#K7" title="SUBSET_1:func.7">\</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c2">G2</font> <a href="glib_009.html#K1" title="GLIB_009:func.1">.loops()</a></span>)</span>
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="glib_009.html#T48" target="_self" onmouseover="rs('glib_009/T48')" onmouseout="rh()">Th48</a>, <a class="ref" href="xboole_1.html#T34" onmouseover="rs('xboole_1/T34')" onmouseout="rh()">XBOOLE_1:34</a></span>;<br/>
<div><a class="txt" onmouseover="tooltip.show('hs2',this)" onmouseout="tooltip.hide()" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="168_1"><span class="kw">now </span> <a class="txt" onmouseover="tooltip.show('hs',this)" onmouseout="tooltip.hide()" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide">  for <font color="Olive" title="b1">e</font> being    <a href="hidden.html#M1" title="HIDDEN:mode.1">object</a>   st <font color="Olive" title="b1">e</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="glib_000.html#K25" title="GLIB_000:func.25">the_Edges_of</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">G2</font></span>)</span> <a href="subset_1.html#K7" title="SUBSET_1:func.7">\</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c2">G2</font> <a href="glib_009.html#K1" title="GLIB_009:func.1">.loops()</a></span>)</span> holds <br/><font color="Olive" title="b1">e</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="glib_000.html#K25" title="GLIB_000:func.25">the_Edges_of</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">G2</font></span>)</span> <a href="subset_1.html#K7" title="SUBSET_1:func.7">\</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">G1</font> <a href="glib_009.html#K1" title="GLIB_009:func.1">.loops()</a></span>)</span></span></a><div class="add"><span class="kw">let </span><font color="Maroon" title="c5">e</font> be    <a href="hidden.html#M1" title="HIDDEN:mode.1">object</a> ; <a class="txt" onmouseover="tooltip.show('hs',this)" onmouseout="tooltip.hide()" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> ( <font color="Maroon" title="c5">e</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="glib_000.html#K25" title="GLIB_000:func.25">the_Edges_of</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">G2</font></span>)</span> <a href="subset_1.html#K7" title="SUBSET_1:func.7">\</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c2">G2</font> <a href="glib_009.html#K1" title="GLIB_009:func.1">.loops()</a></span>)</span> implies <font color="Maroon" title="c5">e</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="glib_000.html#K25" title="GLIB_000:func.25">the_Edges_of</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">G2</font></span>)</span> <a href="subset_1.html#K7" title="SUBSET_1:func.7">\</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">G1</font> <a href="glib_009.html#K1" title="GLIB_009:func.1">.loops()</a></span>)</span> )</span><br/><span class="kw">assume </span><a NAME="E1:168_1"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c5">e</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="glib_000.html#K25" title="GLIB_000:func.25">the_Edges_of</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">G2</font></span>)</span> <a href="subset_1.html#K7" title="SUBSET_1:func.7">\</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c2">G2</font> <a href="glib_009.html#K1" title="GLIB_009:func.1">.loops()</a></span>)</span>
 ; <a class="txt" onmouseover="tooltip.show('hs',this)" onmouseout="tooltip.hide()" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">e</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="glib_000.html#K25" title="GLIB_000:func.25">the_Edges_of</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">G2</font></span>)</span> <a href="subset_1.html#K7" title="SUBSET_1:func.7">\</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">G1</font> <a href="glib_009.html#K1" title="GLIB_009:func.1">.loops()</a></span>)</span></span><br/><a NAME="E2:168_1"/><span class="kw">then </span><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E101">A6</font></span>: 
( <font color="Maroon" title="c5">e</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="glib_000.html#K25" title="GLIB_000:func.25">the_Edges_of</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">G2</font> &amp;  not <font color="Maroon" title="c5">e</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">G2</font> <a href="glib_009.html#K1" title="GLIB_009:func.1">.loops()</a>  )
 <span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="xboole_0.html#D5" onmouseover="rs('xboole_0/D5')" onmouseout="rh()">XBOOLE_0:def 5</a></span>;<br/><a NAME="E3:168_1"/>
 not <font color="Maroon" title="c5">e</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">G1</font> <a href="glib_009.html#K1" title="GLIB_009:func.1">.loops()</a> 
 <div><a class="txt" onmouseover="tooltip.show('hs2',this)" onmouseout="tooltip.hide()" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="168_1_1"><span class="kw">proof </span></a><div class="add">

<span class="kw">assume </span><a NAME="E1:168_1_1"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c5">e</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">G1</font> <a href="glib_009.html#K1" title="GLIB_009:func.1">.loops()</a> 
 ; <a class="txt" onmouseover="tooltip.show('hs',this)" onmouseout="tooltip.hide()" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> contradiction</span><br/>

<span class="kw">then </span><span class="kw">consider </span><font color="Maroon" title="c6">v</font> being    <a href="hidden.html#M1" title="HIDDEN:mode.1">object</a> <span class="kw"> such that </span><br/><a NAME="E3:168_1_1"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E102">A7</font></span>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c5">e</font> <a href="glib_000.html#R1" title="GLIB_000:pred.1">Joins</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c6">v</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c6">v</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c1">G1</font>
 <span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="glib_009.html#D2" target="_self" onmouseover="rs('glib_009/D2')" onmouseout="rh()">Def2</a></span>;<br/>
<a NAME="E4:168_1_1"/>
( <font color="Maroon" title="c5">e</font> is    <a href="hidden.html#M2" title="HIDDEN:mode.2">set</a>  &amp; <font color="Maroon" title="c6">v</font> is    <a href="hidden.html#M2" title="HIDDEN:mode.2">set</a>  )
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="tarski.html#T1" onmouseover="rs('tarski/T1')" onmouseout="rh()">TARSKI:1</a></span>;<br/>
<a NAME="E5:168_1_1"/><span class="kw">then </span>
<font color="Maroon" title="c5">e</font> <a href="glib_000.html#R1" title="GLIB_000:pred.1">Joins</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c6">v</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c6">v</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c2">G2</font>
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E2:168_1"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E101">A6</font></span></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E3:168_1_1"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E102">A7</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="glib_000.html#T73" onmouseover="rs('glib_000/T73')" onmouseout="rh()">GLIB_000:73</a></span>;<br/>
<span class="kw">hence </span><a NAME="E6:168_1_1"/>
contradiction
 <span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E2:168_1"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E101">A6</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="glib_009.html#D2" target="_self" onmouseover="rs('glib_009/D2')" onmouseout="rh()">Def2</a></span>; <a class="txt" onmouseover="tooltip.show('hs',this)" onmouseout="tooltip.hide()" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> verum</span><br/>


</div><span class="kw">end;</span></div><span class="kw">hence </span><a NAME="E4:168_1"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c5">e</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="glib_000.html#K25" title="GLIB_000:func.25">the_Edges_of</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">G2</font></span>)</span> <a href="subset_1.html#K7" title="SUBSET_1:func.7">\</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">G1</font> <a href="glib_009.html#K1" title="GLIB_009:func.1">.loops()</a></span>)</span>
 <span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E2:168_1"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E101">A6</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="xboole_0.html#D5" onmouseover="rs('xboole_0/D5')" onmouseout="rh()">XBOOLE_0:def 5</a></span>; <a class="txt" onmouseover="tooltip.show('hs',this)" onmouseout="tooltip.hide()" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> verum</span><br/></div><span class="kw">end;</span></div>
<a NAME="E8:168"/><span class="kw">then </span>
<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="glib_000.html#K25" title="GLIB_000:func.25">the_Edges_of</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">G2</font></span>)</span> <a href="subset_1.html#K7" title="SUBSET_1:func.7">\</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c2">G2</font> <a href="glib_009.html#K1" title="GLIB_009:func.1">.loops()</a></span>)</span> <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="glib_000.html#K25" title="GLIB_000:func.25">the_Edges_of</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">G2</font></span>)</span> <a href="subset_1.html#K7" title="SUBSET_1:func.7">\</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">G1</font> <a href="glib_009.html#K1" title="GLIB_009:func.1">.loops()</a></span>)</span>
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="tarski.html#D3" onmouseover="rs('tarski/D3')" onmouseout="rh()">TARSKI:def 3</a></span>;<br/>
<a NAME="E9:168"/><span class="kw">then </span><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E101">A8</font></span>: 
 <a href="glib_000.html#K25" title="GLIB_000:func.25">the_Edges_of</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">G3</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">E</font> <a href="subset_1.html#K7" title="SUBSET_1:func.7">\</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">G1</font> <a href="glib_009.html#K1" title="GLIB_009:func.1">.loops()</a></span>)</span>
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E4:168"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E98">A3</font></span></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E5:168"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E99">A4</font></span></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E6:168"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E100">A5</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="xboole_0.html#D10" onmouseover="rs('xboole_0/D10')" onmouseout="rh()">XBOOLE_0:def 10</a></span>;<br/>
<a NAME="E10:168"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E102">A9</font></span>: 
 <a href="glib_000.html#K24" title="GLIB_000:func.24">the_Vertices_of</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">G3</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a>  <a href="glib_000.html#K6" title="GLIB_000:func.6">the_Vertices_of</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">G1</font>
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E4:168"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E98">A3</font></span></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E5:168"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E99">A4</font></span></a></span>;<br/>
<a NAME="E11:168"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c3">G3</font> is    <a href="glib_000.html#M1" title="GLIB_000:mode.1">Subgraph</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">G1</font>
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="glib_000.html#T43" onmouseover="rs('glib_000/T43')" onmouseout="rh()">GLIB_000:43</a></span>;<br/>
<a NAME="E12:168"/><span class="kw">then </span>
<font color="Maroon" title="c3">G3</font> is    <a href="glib_000.html#M2" title="GLIB_000:mode.2">inducedSubgraph</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">G1</font>, <a href="glib_000.html#K6" title="GLIB_000:func.6">the_Vertices_of</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">G1</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c4">E</font> <a href="subset_1.html#K7" title="SUBSET_1:func.7">\</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">G1</font> <a href="glib_009.html#K1" title="GLIB_009:func.1">.loops()</a></span>)</span>
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E3:168"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E97">A2</font></span></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E9:168"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E101">A8</font></span></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E10:168"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E102">A9</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="glib_000.html#D37" onmouseover="rs('glib_000/D37')" onmouseout="rh()">GLIB_000:def 37</a></span>;<br/>
<span class="kw">hence </span><a NAME="E13:168"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c3">G3</font> is    <a href="glib_009.html#M6" title="GLIB_009:mode.6">DSimpleGraph</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">G1</font>
 <span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="glib_009.html#D10" target="_self" onmouseover="rs('glib_009/D10')" onmouseout="rh()">Def10</a></span>; <a class="txt" onmouseover="tooltip.show('hs',this)" onmouseout="tooltip.hide()" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> verum</span><br/>


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